Kindergarten ELA Arkansas standards Standards

Conventions

Structures

Language

Presentation

Oral Language

Collaborative Communication

Production

Style

Writing

Vocabulary

Reading Information

Reading Literature

Reading Fundamentals

Reading Comprehension

Fluency

Handwriting

Phonics Encoding (Word Writing)

Phonics Decoding (Word Reading)

Phonemic Awareness

Concepts of Print

Foundational Reading

Participate in collaborative conversations.

Ask and answer questions orally about what a speaker says to gather additional information and clarify understanding.

Use specific details to orally describe people, places, things, and events.

Use visual displays to provide additional detail.

Speak audibly in collaborative communication and presentations.

Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page-by-page.

Decode one-syllable words with consonant digraphs (sh, ch, th) and all short vowels (e.g., wish, chap, that).

Decode one-syllable words with single consonants and final long vowels (e.g., we, go).

Read high-frequency words.

Decode words with suffix -s (e.g., sits, maps, runs).

Encode one-syllable words with single consonants and all short vowels (e.g., cat, net, hit, pop, pup).

Encode one-syllable words with single consonants and final long vowel sounds (e.g., a, me, go).

Encode words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships.

Encode words with final suffix -s (e.g., cats, runs).

Demonstrate proper pencil grip.

Form upper and lowercase letters and numerals correctly, using a common path of movement.

Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters and that print carries meaning (e.g., the spoken word "dog" is represented in print by d-o-g).

Name all upper and lowercase letters in non-sequential order with accuracy and automaticity.

Produce the most common sound for each letter of the alphabet with accuracy and automaticity.

Orally read texts consisting of previously taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences, self-correcting as necessary.

Point to words, using one-to-one correspondence to demonstrate that words are separated by spaces.

Name all upper and lowercase letters of the alphabet in print.

Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel, and final sounds in three sound words.

Blend two to four individual sounds to create one-syllable words (e.g., /a/ /t/ to at; /s/ /i/ /p/ to sip; /c/ /a/ /t/ /s/ to cats).

Segment one-syllable words into individual sounds.

Distinguish between sounds based on place of articulation (where in the mouth it is produced) and manner of articulation (voicing and air flow) (e.g., /p/ vs. /b/; /ch/ vs. /j/).

Decode one-syllable words with single consonants and all short vowels (e.g., bag, sip, web, hog, cut).

Use common nouns.

Use all end punctuation marks.

Use singular nouns.

Use plural nouns.

Use pronoun "I."

Use regular action verbs.

Use singular nouns with verbs that agree in basic sentences (e.g., He hops.).

Produce simple sentences independently.

Capitalize the first word in a sentence.

Capitalize the pronoun "I."

Ask questions about key details in a text.

Compare and contrast the characters in texts.

Explain how visual images support understanding of a text.

Recognize literary texts, using text elements (e.g., title, illustrations, story elements, literary introductions such as "Once upon a time").

Identify the main points an author uses in a text.

Compare and contrast two texts on the same topic.

Recognize informational texts, using text elements (e.g., title, photographs, diagrams, descriptions).

Identify text features (e.g., title, author, illustrator, table of contents, bold font, italics).

Explain how visual images (e.g., charts, graphs, illustrations) support understanding of a text.

Answer questions about key details in a text.

Orally retell a text after listening to it read aloud; include the main topic and key details.

Build general and academic vocabulary and background knowledge of age and grade-appropriate topics through discussion, reading, and writing.

Explain the roles of both the author and the illustrator.

Use background knowledge and details, including illustrations, charts, and graphs, to make predictions and inferences about what happens in a text.

Demonstrate comprehension of age and grade-appropriate texts by speaking or writing.

Identify the major characters in a text.

Identify settings and events in a text.

Determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases in a text read aloud.

Use sentence-level clues to identify the meaning of a word or phrase during read-aloud instruction.

Sort and categorize objects and images by concepts.

Distinguish shades of meaning among verbs (e.g., march, run, jog, strut, prance).

Use most common prefixes (e.g., un-, re-) and suffixes (e.g., -ed, -s) as clues to meaning.

Write an opinion piece about a topic or text, including a reason.

Write an informative piece with facts.

Write a narrative with the events in chronological order.

Produce writing, using precise language and grade-appropriate conventions.

Revise word choice in writing.

Edit writing to include grade-appropriate conventions for publishing (e.g., capitalize the first word in the sentence, capitalize the pronoun "I," use end punctuation marks).

Participate in teacher-led research projects and produce simple findings.